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Magnetic compass

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The magnetic compass is fitted on the upper bridge exactly center line of the ship   It is referred to as standard compass     1. D ry C ard    2. W et C ard   A compass point north because all magnets have two poles north pole, south pole.   The north pole of the one magnet attracted towards the south pole of another magnet     DRY CARD COMPASS   A light aluminum ring about 254mm in diameter is attached to a brass hub by silk cord which is threaded in and out through holes in the ring.   This tight silk cord is act like bicycle wheels.   There is no other connection or support between the ring and the hub.   Silk cord is used because it doesn’t shrink or stretch due to moisture or change in atmospheric temperature.     Card support: -     The bottom of the hub has small cap fi tt ed with a sapphire bearing surface.   This rests on a pivot tipped with iridium which is hard nonmagnetic metal....
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PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING HEAVY GEARS.

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 The term "gear" refers to those equipment's which are used to load/unload cargo or to carry out any deck operations. one must be very careful when using heavy gears and all sort of precautions must be taken.   workers need to be careful about what they are doing ,and they must always be aware of other workers around them. Particularly co-workers using forklifts and other forms of material handling equipment. Be on the lookout for these dock hazards . 1.slipping and tripping on wet ,oily ,or broken floor surfaces .          2.falling on dock edges.          3.injuries from falls and unsecured dock plates.          4.illness or unconsciousness from inhaling CO from trucks.          5.Back injuries.   keep the floor clean,dry and in good condition. cleanup properly and dispose of the trash. ...
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Basic CARGO WORK definitions

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STOWAGE FACTOR :   it shows the space occupied by a tonne of cargo.  It is the volume occupied by a unit weight of cargo. Generally it is expressed in: cubic meters/ tonne ( metric)        ( 1 metric tonne=1000kg)   cubic feet/ long ton           ( 1 long ton=1016 kg)   for eg: stowage factor of iron ore=0.40 cubic m /  metric tonne this means that for storing  one tonne of iron ore 0.40 cubic m is required.   stowage factor= volume/ mass ( density = mass/volume)  thus stowage factor is the reciprocal of density. Cargoes with high density have low stowage factor and vice-versa BROKEN STOWAGE : It is the space between packages which remains unfilled. This factor varies according to type of cargo and shape of hold.  Broken stowage will be higher for packages with large size and irregular shape.  This factor is always expressed as percentage of the volume of cargo.  br...
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF VENTILATION.

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  1 .THROUGH VENTILATION. This is done by trimming the leeward ventilator into the wind and windward ventilator away from wind. The direction used here is apparent wind direction. 2.SURFACE VENTILATION.  This is done by the ventilator turned into the wind and the leeward turned away from the wind . This is necessary for certain cargoes where only the surface cargo is to be ventilated. eg:- coal… 3.FORCED VENTILATION. It is achieved by using mechanical fans and there by the air in the hold is dried and recirculated.   
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Popular posts from this blog

Magnetic compass

-
Image
The magnetic compass is fitted on the upper bridge exactly center line of the ship   It is referred to as standard compass     1. D ry C ard    2. W et C ard   A compass point north because all magnets have two poles north pole, south pole.   The north pole of the one magnet attracted towards the south pole of another magnet     DRY CARD COMPASS   A light aluminum ring about 254mm in diameter is attached to a brass hub by silk cord which is threaded in and out through holes in the ring.   This tight silk cord is act like bicycle wheels.   There is no other connection or support between the ring and the hub.   Silk cord is used because it doesn’t shrink or stretch due to moisture or change in atmospheric temperature.     Card support: -     The bottom of the hub has small cap fi tt ed with a sapphire bearing surface.   This rests on a pivot tipped with iridium which is hard nonmagnetic metal....
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SOLAS REQUIREMENTS::LIFEBUOY

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A lifebuoy is a ring shaped floating life preserver. All ships must carry adequate number of lifebuoys as per SOLAS regulation. Lifebuoys provide an additional flotation to crew/passengers until they are rescued. lifebuoy specifications: Have an outer diameter of not more than 800 mm and an inner diameter of not less than 400 mm. Be constructed of inherently buoyant materi al. Be capable of supporting not less than 14.5 kg of iron in fresh water for a period of 24 hours. Have a mass of not less than 2.5 kg and more than 6kg. Not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a period of 2 seconds. Be constructed to withstand a drop into t he water from the height at which it is st owed above the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition or 30 m, whichever is the greater, without impairing either its operating c apability or that of its attached components. If it is intended to operate the quick re lease arrangement provided for the self-...
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dew point and three degree rule

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  DEW POINT MEASUREMENT. All decisions regarding cargo ventilation are based on the dewpoint temperature, comparing the dew point temperature ambient air with the dew point of the air inside the hold. One of the simplest methods to find the dewpoint temperature is using a whirling psychrometer By swinging the instrument inside the hold until the wet bulb temperature has stopped falling and remains steady. All readings should be taken well away from air inlets ensuring that only hold air is tested. ● Enclosed space entry procedure should always be observed. ● Once the above information has obtained, VENTILATE if the dewpoint of the air inside the hold is higher than the dewpoint of the air outside the hold. DO NOT VENTILATE if the dewpoint of the air inside the hold is lower than the dew point of the air outside the hold. THREE DEGREE RULE FOR DECIDING VENTILATION. Sometimes, it is impossible to measure hold dew point accurately ...
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