Magnetic compass

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The magnetic compass is fitted on the upper bridge exactly center line of the ship   It is referred to as standard compass     1. D ry C ard    2. W et C ard   A compass point north because all magnets have two poles north pole, south pole.   The north pole of the one magnet attracted towards the south pole of another magnet     DRY CARD COMPASS   A light aluminum ring about 254mm in diameter is attached to a brass hub by silk cord which is threaded in and out through holes in the ring.   This tight silk cord is act like bicycle wheels.   There is no other connection or support between the ring and the hub.   Silk cord is used because it doesn’t shrink or stretch due to moisture or change in atmospheric temperature.     Card support: -     The bottom of the hub has small cap fi tt ed with a sapphire bearing surface.   This rests on a pivot tipped with iridium which is hard nonmagnetic metal.   This arrangement provides practically friction-less support, for the compass card a
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SOLAS REQUIREMENTS::LIFEBUOY

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A lifebuoy is a ring shaped floating life preserver. All ships must carry adequate number of lifebuoys as per SOLAS regulation. Lifebuoys provide an additional flotation to crew/passengers until they are rescued.

lifebuoy specifications:
  • Have an outer diameter of not more than 800 mm and an inner diameter of not less than 400 mm.
  • Be constructed of inherently buoyant material.
  • Be capable of supporting not less than 14.5 kg of iron in fresh water for a period of 24 hours.
  • Have a mass of not less than 2.5 kg and more than 6kg.
  • Not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a period of 2 seconds.
  • Be constructed to withstand a drop into the water from the height at which it is stowed above the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition or 30 m, whichever is the greater, without impairing either its operating capability or that of its attached components.
  • If it is intended to operate the quick release arrangement provided for the self-activated smoke signals and self-igniting lights, have a mass of not less than 4kg.
  • Be fitted with a grab line not less than 9.5 mm in diameter and not less than four times the outside diameter of the body of the buoy in length. The grabline shall be secured at four equidistant points around the circumference of the buoy to form four equal loops. 
NUTSHELL: 

 
SIZE Inner diameter : 400mm
outer diameter : 800mm
MATERIAL/




CONSTRUCTION		 Inherent buoyant material


must not get damaged when dropped from 30m in lightest sea going condition or from the place where it is stowed.
MASS > 2.5 kg and < 6 kg


must support 14.5 kg of iron in fresh water for not less than 24 hours.


If smoke/light signal equipped buoys, mass not less than 4 kg.
GRABLINE Diameter : not less than 9.5mm
must be secured at 4 equidistant point around the circumference of the buoy
WHEN TOTALLY ENVELOPED IN FIRE Not sustain burning/ melt continuously for a period of 2 seconds







 Required number of lifebuoys


  • Length of vessel (m)

    Lifebuoys required

    Up to 100m

    8

    100-150 m

    10

    150-200 m

    12

    200 m and more

    14




lifebuoys self-igniting

As the name suggests lifebuoys which have special arrangements on them so that at night time the light ignites indicating hazard. 
 
At least one half of the total number of lifebuoys must be provided with self igniting lights.
 
SOLAS requirements are as follows:
  •  lights should not be extinguished by water
  • must be white in colour.
  • luminous intensity of not less than 2 cd
  • must spread light in all directions of upper hemisphere or  flash at a rate greater than 50 but less than 70 ( >50 flashes but < 70 flashes) per minute for a period of 2 hour.

 

lifebuoys self-activating smoke signals

Requirements are as follows:
  • emit smoke at a uniform rate for a period of at least 15 minutes when floating in calm water.
  • not emit any flames or ignite explosives during the entire time of emission of smoke
  • not be swamped in a seaway
  • must emit smoke for at least 10 seconds if submerged in water
  • must be provided with quick release arrangement


Buoyant lifelines

A buoyant lifeline includes a lifebuoy rings and a safety hook. It is thrown to drowning personal.The drowning man sets the ring on his arm and then bend his arm, thus will save him from drowning.

Requirements:
  • At least one lifebuoy on each side of ship is fitted with a buoyant lifeline.
  • it must be non-kinking
  • diameter not less than 8mm
  • breaking strength not less than 5kN.
 












 

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